The Development and Operation of IRBs: Medical Regulations and Social Science     

Ann Hamilton 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2005,33(3):189-203

A sketch of the development of institutional review boards (IRBs) and the system of human subjects research regulation in the United States is presented, from the Nuremberg Code of 1949 to the Belmont Report of 1979, and continues with several contemporary developments. Conflicts within the system are discussed, particularly those related to the regulatory application of the medical model to social science. Examination of two central documents produced by participants in the IRB regulatory system is presented to illustrate difficulties with current regulation.  相似文献   

Communication Scholars' Communication and Relationship with their IRBs     

Ascan F. Koerner 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2005,33(3):231-241

Using grounded theory, 57 narratives of communication scholars detailing their experiences and relationships with institutional review boards (IRBs) were examined. From this analysis, 24 concepts emerged constituting five larger categories characterizing the communication relationship between communication scholars and IRBs: antagonistic actions of IRBs, negative perceptions of IRBs, actions of researchers, positive perceptions of IRBs, and protagonistic actions of IRBs. Results indicate that the main difference between positive and negative experiences with IRBs was associated with the nature of the relationship between scholars and IRBs. Scholars who saw their IRBs as adversarial bureaucracies had the most negative experiences, whereas scholars who saw their IRBs as partners in the research process had the most positive experiences. Recommendations for how both IRBs and researchers can improve their relationships conclude this essay.  相似文献   

数字资源长期保存研究综述(1)--技术、系统、框架   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

郭家义  吴振新 《图书馆杂志》2005,24(5):53-58

技术、系统和框架的研究是数字资源长期保存研究中的重要内容之一，各种实践和研究表明，技术的过时是引起数字资源保存问题的重要因素，也是解决数字资源保存的重要手段。数字保存系统和框架是数字资源的存储工具，如何设计适于数字资源长期的系统框架也是数字资源长期保存研究的重点。  相似文献   

国外图书馆学情报学2003年研究进展(续)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

初景利  毛军  高凡  张学福  盛小平  王欣  郭德华  于媛  常唯 《大学图书馆学报》2004,22(6):85-89

<正>6 知识管理 2003年知识管理研究侧重于知识管理系统等方面。D.Stern认为新的知识管理系统需要在数据发现、馆藏发展和图书馆员角色变化方面探索新的方法途径。论文讨论了新的且具有挑战性的数据处理集成工具以及在迅速变化的社会中图书馆员的角色变化等。M.Cloete和:R.Snyman在论文中论述了企业门户和知识管理之间技术和战略的关系。阐明了  相似文献   

图书馆评估理论述评   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐晓琳  邓胜利 《江西图书馆学刊》2004,34(3):18-19

从图书馆服务的评价、图书馆效益的评价、图书馆信息资源的评价和数字图书馆的评价四个方面．对当前图书馆评估理论进行了评述。  相似文献   

台湾信息产业政策演进之评述     

郑建明 《情报科学》1999,17(5):562-564

本文简述与评析了台湾70年代后期以来不同历史时期的信息产业政策，探讨了政策条文及其所涉及的相关问题。  相似文献   

细辛的资源开发利用与研究进展     

鄢景森  李景辉  贾超 《辽宁科技学院学报》2010,12(3):43-44,55

阐述了细辛的本草考证、研究进展和资源开发利用状况。查考了细辛的形态特征、生态分布和产地、药用部分和用量。分析了细辛质量控制方面的最新研究热点,包括挥发油的成分和指纹图谱研究以及马兜铃酸A的检测。结合细辛的应用价值,介绍了细辛的开发利用现状。  相似文献   

The effects of quantitative skills training on college outcomes and peers     

Kristin F. Butcher  Patrick J. McEwanCorrine H. Taylor 《Economics of Education Review》2010

This paper estimates the causal effect of taking a course in quantitative reasoning on students’ academic performance and classroom peer-group composition at a liberal arts college. To identify effects, the paper compares the outcomes of otherwise similar students who barely passed a baseline quantitative skills assessment (not taking the course) with students who barely failed (taking the course). The regression-discontinuity estimates show little impact on academic outcomes for student close to the passing cutoff, including grades on subsequent courses with quantitative content, but we are unable to distinguish small from zero effects. Exogenous course assignment does affect the composition of students’ classroom peer groups in subsequent years. The effects can only be generalized to students in the vicinity of the passing threshold (but not students with much worse quantitative skills at the baseline). We discuss implications for research and policy on remediation.  相似文献   

Participation in the figured world of graffiti     

Imuris Valle  Eduardo Weiss 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2010

This article is based on ethnographic work with two “crews” of young graffiti artists in southern Mexico City. The crews share certain characteristics with gangs or urban tribes, but more with “communities of practice”: they live in the “figured world” of graffiti, a community of practice at the local and global level. Through participation, including observation and the study of fanzines, group members learn the language, technical and social skills, and values of this figured world. Their reasons to paint and the topics they express are varied, but authentic expression is fundamental. Graffiti allows these young people to establish an interesting interplay of identities in the world of graffiti versus their ordinary lives.  相似文献   

晚清国学导读目录的初兴及其社会文化功用     

李立民 《唐山师范学院学报》2010,32(1):51-54

分析了晚清国学导读目录产生的原因及其编纂特点,总结了其在晚清社会中所发挥的文化功用。  相似文献